fgarvb1
We are in for it now.
- Joined
- Dec 10, 2000
- Posts
- 12,729
Had this today.
Cystometrogram (CMG): A diagnostic test to measure the nerve and muscle function of the bladder. A small catheter is placed in the bladder, and the residual urine measured. The bladder is then filled with either carbon dioxide gas or water and the volumes and pressures are measured as the bladder fills and empties. Frequently the electrical activity of the sphincter muscle, electromyogram/EMG), is measured in a manner similar to an electrocardiogram. Some physicians also measure the abdominal pressure by placing a small catheter in the rectum as well.
And a couple of weeks ago.
Just to look around!
Cystoscopy may be performed in a physician's office, under local anesthesia, or as an outpatient procedure, under sedation and regional or general anesthesia. Before undergoing the cystoscopy, patients should inform their physician if they are taking any medications, especially blood thinners (e.g., aspirin, ibuprofen, warfarin [Coumadin®]).
If regional or general anesthesia is being used, patients are instructed to fast for at least 4 hours before the procedure. If local anesthesia is being used, a topical anesthetic (e.g., lidocaine) is introduced prior to the procedure to numb and lubricate the urethra.
During the procedure, the cystoscope, which can be flexible or rigid and is about half the diameter of the urethra, is slowly inserted into the urethra to the bladder. A camera may be attached to the cystoscope to allow images to be viewed on a monitor. The physician examines the urethra and introduces a sterile liquid (e.g., water, saline) into the bladder to improve the view of the bladder wall. As the bladder fills, the patient may experience an uncomfortable urge to urinate.
Additional instruments can be passed through the cystoscope to allow the urologist to perform procedures, such as stone removal, bladder biopsy, resection of a bladder or prostate tumor, and cauterization (application of a small electrical charge to minimize bleeding).
In some cases, the physician uses another instrument called a ureteroscope to allow visualization of the ureter (tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder). This procedure, which is called ureteroscopy, may be used to diagnose and treat urinary stones higher in the urinary tract. Ureteroscopy usually is performed under regional or general anesthesia.
Cystoscopy usually takes from a few minutes to about 20 minutes to perform. If the physician removes a stone, or sample of tissue (biopsy), the procedure may take longer. After the procedure, fluid is drained from the bladder and a catheter (thin, flexible tube) may be left in the bladder.
Side effects, which are usually mild and resolve within a couple of hours to days, include burning during urination and blood in the urine (hematuria). When local anesthesia is used, patients usually can go home immediately following the procedure; when regional or general anesthesia is used, patients require a recovery period (usually 1 to 4 hours).
Cystometrogram (CMG): A diagnostic test to measure the nerve and muscle function of the bladder. A small catheter is placed in the bladder, and the residual urine measured. The bladder is then filled with either carbon dioxide gas or water and the volumes and pressures are measured as the bladder fills and empties. Frequently the electrical activity of the sphincter muscle, electromyogram/EMG), is measured in a manner similar to an electrocardiogram. Some physicians also measure the abdominal pressure by placing a small catheter in the rectum as well.
And a couple of weeks ago.
Just to look around!
Cystoscopy may be performed in a physician's office, under local anesthesia, or as an outpatient procedure, under sedation and regional or general anesthesia. Before undergoing the cystoscopy, patients should inform their physician if they are taking any medications, especially blood thinners (e.g., aspirin, ibuprofen, warfarin [Coumadin®]).
If regional or general anesthesia is being used, patients are instructed to fast for at least 4 hours before the procedure. If local anesthesia is being used, a topical anesthetic (e.g., lidocaine) is introduced prior to the procedure to numb and lubricate the urethra.
During the procedure, the cystoscope, which can be flexible or rigid and is about half the diameter of the urethra, is slowly inserted into the urethra to the bladder. A camera may be attached to the cystoscope to allow images to be viewed on a monitor. The physician examines the urethra and introduces a sterile liquid (e.g., water, saline) into the bladder to improve the view of the bladder wall. As the bladder fills, the patient may experience an uncomfortable urge to urinate.
Additional instruments can be passed through the cystoscope to allow the urologist to perform procedures, such as stone removal, bladder biopsy, resection of a bladder or prostate tumor, and cauterization (application of a small electrical charge to minimize bleeding).
In some cases, the physician uses another instrument called a ureteroscope to allow visualization of the ureter (tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder). This procedure, which is called ureteroscopy, may be used to diagnose and treat urinary stones higher in the urinary tract. Ureteroscopy usually is performed under regional or general anesthesia.
Cystoscopy usually takes from a few minutes to about 20 minutes to perform. If the physician removes a stone, or sample of tissue (biopsy), the procedure may take longer. After the procedure, fluid is drained from the bladder and a catheter (thin, flexible tube) may be left in the bladder.
Side effects, which are usually mild and resolve within a couple of hours to days, include burning during urination and blood in the urine (hematuria). When local anesthesia is used, patients usually can go home immediately following the procedure; when regional or general anesthesia is used, patients require a recovery period (usually 1 to 4 hours).
