The 2A was intended to facilitate a militia-based defense system. The FFs were leery of a large standing army for fear such could be used as an instrument of domestic rule, as armies typically were in Europe. The idea was the U.S. would have a small peacetime army, and in wartime the militia would be called up, and every man would bring his own musket from home. Highly anachronistic thinking now, but it seemed to make sense in the 18th Century, when no army had anything better than single-shot muzzle-loading muskets like civilians had.
But the militia was intended as an arm of the state, not as a countervailing force against it. The original text of the Constitution authorizes the president to command the militia, and the 2A does nothing to change that.
But the militia was intended as an arm of the state, not as a countervailing force against it. The original text of the Constitution authorizes the president to command the militia, and the 2A does nothing to change that.