funspirit
retrocool
- Joined
- Dec 3, 2002
- Posts
- 2,115
IRAQ WAR QUIZ
by Stephen R. Shalom
[check out Shalom's books, esp. Imperial Alibis: Rationalizing U.S.
Intervention After the Cold War at
http://southendpress.org/books/author/shalom.shtml ]
1. The anti-war movement supports our troops by urging that they be
brought home immediately so they neither kill nor get killed in a
unjust war. How has the Bush administration shown its support for our
troops?
a. The Republican-controlled House Budget Committee voted to cut $25
billion in veterans benefits over the next 10 years.
b. The Bush administration proposed cutting $172 million from impact
aid programs which provide school funding for children of military
personnel.
c. The administration ordered the Dept. of Veterans Affairs to stop
publicizing health benefits available to veterans.
d. All of the above.
2. The anti-war movement believes that patriotism means urging our
country to do what is right. How do Bush administration officials
define patriotism?
a. Patriotism means emulating Dick Cheney, who serves as
Vice-President while receiving $100,000-$1,000,000 a year from
Halliburton, the multi-billion dollar company which is already lining
up for major contracts in post-war Iraq.
b. Patriotism means emulating Richard Perle, the warhawk who serves
as head of the Defense Intelligence Board while at the same time
meeting with Saudi arms dealer Adnan Khashoggi on behalf of Trireme,
a company of which he is a managing partner, involved in security and
military technologies, and while agreeing to work as a paid lobbyist
for Global Crossing, a telecommunications giant seeking a major
Pentagon contract.
c. Patriotism means emulating George W. Bush, Dick Cheney, Paul
Wolfowitz, Richard Perle, John Bolton, Tom DeLay, John Ashcroft,
Lewis Libby, and others who enthusiastically supported the Vietnam
War while avoiding serving in it and who now are sending others to
kill and be killed in Iraq.
d. All of the above.
3. The Bush administration has accused Saddam Hussein of lying
regarding his weapons of mass destruction. Which of the following
might be considered less than truthful?
a. Constant claims by the Bush administration that there was
documentary evidence linking Iraq to attempted uranium purchases in
Niger, despite the fact that the documents were forgeries and CIA
analysts doubted their authenticity.
b. A British intelligence report on Iraq's security services that was
in fact plagiarized, with selected modifications, from a student
article.
c. The frequent citation of the incriminating testimony of Iraqi
defector Hussein Kamel, while suppressing that part of the testimony
in which Kamel stated that Iraqi weapons of mass destruction had been
destroyed following the 1991 Gulf War.
d. All of the above.
4. White House Press Secretary Ari Fleisher stormed out of a press
conference when the assembled reporters broke into laughter after he
declared that the U.S. would never try to bribe members of the UN.
What should Fleisher have said to defend himself?
a. It wasn't just bribery; we also ordered the bugging of the home
and office phones and emails of the UN ambassadors of Security
Council member states that were undecided on war.
b. Oh, come on! We've been doing this for years. In 1990 when Yemen
voted against authorizing war with Iraq, the U.S. ambassador declared
"That will be the most expensive 'no' vote you ever cast."
c. Why do you think the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act makes one
of the conditions for an African country to receive preferential
access to U.S. markets that it "not engage in activities that
undermine United States national security or foreign policy
interests"?
d. All of the above.
5. George Bush has declared that "we have no fight with the Iraqi
people." What could he have cited as supporting evidence?
a. U.S. maintenance of 12 years of crippling sanctions that
strengthened Saddam Hussein while contributing to the death of
hundreds of thousands of Iraqi civilians.
b. The fact that "coalition" forces have indicated that they will use
cluster bombs in Iraq, despite warnings from human rights groups that
"The use of cluster munitions in Iraq will endanger civilians for
years to come."
c. By pointing to the analogy of Afghanistan, which the U.S. pledged
not to forget about when the war was over, and for which the current
Bush administration foreign aid budget request included not one cent
in aid.
d. All of the above.
6. The Bush administration has touted the many nations that are part
of the "coalition of the willing." Which of the following statements
about this coalition is true?
a. In most of the coalition countries polls show that a majority,
often an overwhelming majority, of the people oppose the war.
b. More than ten of the members of the coalition of the willing are
actually a coalition of the unwilling - unwilling to reveal their
names.
c. Coalition members - most of whose contributions to the war are
negligible or even zero - constitute less than a quarter of the
countries in the UN and contain less than 20% of the world's
population.
d. All of the above.
7. The war on Iraq is said to be part of the "war on terrorism."
Which of the following is true?
a. A senior American counterintelligence official said: "An American
invasion of Iraq is already being used as a recruitment tool by Al
Qaeda and other groups....And it is a very effective tool."
b. An American official, based in Europe, said Iraq had become "a
battle cry, in a way," for Al Qaeda recruiters.
c. France's leading counter-terrorism judge said: "Bin Laden's
strategy has always been to demonstrate to the Islamic community that
the West, and especially the U.S., is starting a global war against
Muslims. An attack on Iraq might confirm this vision for many
Muslims. I am very worried about the next wave of recruits."
d. All of the above.
8. The Bush administration says it is waging war to stop the spread
of weapons of mass destruction. Which of the following is true?
a. The United States has refused to ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban
Treaty, viewed worldwide as the litmus test for seriousness about
nuclear disarmament.
b. The United States has insisted on a reservation to the Chemical
Weapons Convention allowing the U.S. President the right to refuse an
inspection of U.S. facilities on national security grounds, and
blocked efforts to improve compliance with the Biological and Toxin
Weapons Convention.
c. Vice Admiral Lowell E. Jacoby, Director of the Defense
Intelligence Agency, testified on Feb. 11, 2003, "The long-term
trends with respect to WMD and missile proliferation are bleak.
States seek these capabilities for regional purposes, or to provide a
hedge to deter or offset U.S. military superiority."
d. All of the above.
9. The Bush administration says it wants to bring democracy to Iraq
and the Middle East. Which of the following is true?
a. If there were democracy in Saudi Arabia today, backing for the
U.S. war effort would be the first thing to go, given the country's
"increasingly anti-American population deeply opposed to the war."
b. The United States subverted some of the few democratic governments
in the Middle East (Syria in 1949, Iran in 1953), and has backed
undemocratic regimes in the region ever since.
c. The United States supported the crushing of anti-Saddam Hussein
revolts in Iraq in 1991.
d. All of the above.
10. Colin Powell cited as evidence of an Iraq-Al Qaeda link an
audiotape from bin Laden in which he called Saddam Hussein and his
Baath Party regime "infidels." Which of the following is more
compelling evidence?
a. An FBI official told the New York Times: "We've been looking at
this hard for more than a year and you know what, we just don't think
it's there."
b. According to a classified British intelligence report seen by BBC
News, "There are no current links between the Iraqi regime and the
al-Qaeda network."
c. According to Rohan Gunaratna, author of Inside Al Qaeda: Global
Network of Terror, "Since U.S. intervention in Afghanistan in October
2001, I have examined several tens of thousands of documents
recovered from Al Qaeda and Taliban sources. In addition to listening
to 240 tapes taken from Al Qaeda's central registry, I debriefed
several Al Qaeda and Taliban detainees. I could find no evidence of
links between Iraq and Al Qaeda."
d. All of the above.
Answers and Sources
1. d (a) Cong. Lane Evans, "Veterans Programs Slashed by House
Republicans," Press Release, 3/13/03,
http://www.veterans.house.gov/democratic/press/108th/3-13-03budget.htm.
(b) Brian Faler, "Educators Angry Over Proposed Cut in Aid; Many
Children in Military Families Would Feel Impact," Washington Post,
3/19/03, p. A29. (c) See Veterans' for Common Sense, letter to George
W. Bush, 3/20/03
http://www.veteransforcommonsense.org/print.asp?id=563; Melissa B.
Robinson, "Hospitals Face Budget Crunch," Associated Press, 7/31/02;
Jason Tait, "Veterans angered by marketing ban," Eagle-Tribune
(Lawrence, MA), 8/2/02,
http://www.eagletribune.com/news/stories/20020802/FP_003.htm
2. d (a) Warren Vieth and Elizabeth Douglass, " Ousting Hussein could
open the door for U.S. and British firms. French, Russian and Chinese
rivals would lose their edge," Los Angeles Times, 3/12/03, p. I:1;
Robert Bryce and Julian Borger, "Halliburton: Cheney is still paid by
Pentagon contractor, Bush deputy gets Dollars 1m from firm with Iraq
oil deal," Guardian (London), 3/12/03, p. 5 (which notes that
Halliburton "would not say how much the payments are; the obligatory
disclosure statement filled by all top government officials says only
that they are in the range of" $100,000 and $1 million. (b) Seymour
M. Hersh, "Lunch with the Chairman," New Yorker, 3/16/03; Stephen
Labaton, "Pentagon Adviser Is Also Advising Global Crossing," NYT,
3/21/03, p. C1. Perle is to be paid $725,000 for his lobbying effort,
including $600,000 if his lobbying is successful. (c) New Hampshire
Gazette, "The Chickenhawks," http://nhgazette.com/chickenhawks.html.
3. d (a) See the evidence collected in Cong. Henry Waxman's letter to
George W. Bush, 3/17/03,
http://www.house.gov/waxman/text/admin_iraq_march_17_let.htm. (b) See
Glen Rangwala's report, http://traprockpeace.org/britishdossier.html.
(c) See Glen Rangwala's report, http://traprockpeace.org/kamel.html.
4. d (a) Martin Bright, Ed Vulliamy, and Peter Beaumont, The Observer
(London), 3/2/03. (b) Quoted in Phyllis Bennis, Calling the Shots:
How Washington Dominates Today's UN, New York: Olive Branch, 1996, p.
33. (c) Sarah Anderson, Phyllis Bennis, and John Cavanagh, Coalition
of the Willing or Coalition of the Coerced?: How The Bush
Administration Influences Allies in Its War on Iraq, Washington, DC:
Institute for Policy Studies, 2/26/03, p. 4.
5. d (a) For background, see Anthony Arnove, ed., Iraq Under Siege:
The Deadly Impact of Sanctions and War, Cambridge: South End Press,
updated ed. 2003. (b) Paul Waugh, "Labour MPs Attack Hoon After He
Reveals That British Forces Will Use Cluster Bombs," Independent,
3/21/03, p. 4; Human Rights Watch, Press Release, 3/18/03: "Persian
Gulf: U.S. Cluster Bomb Duds A Threat; Warning Against Use of Cluster
Bombs in Iraq." (c) Zvi Bar'el, "Flaws in the Afghan Model,"
Ha'aretz, 3/14/03,
http://www.haaretzdaily.com/hasen/objects/pages/PrintArticleEn.jhtml?ite
mNo=272884.
6. d (a) See, for example, the revealing comment of Secretary of
State Powell: "We need to knock down this idea that nobody is on our
side. So many nations recognize this danger [of Iraq's weapons]. And
they do it in the face of public opposition." Quoted in Steven R.
Weisman With Felicity Barringer, "Urgent Diplomacy Fails To Gain U.S.
9 Votes In The U.N." NYT, 3/10/03, p. A1) (b) U.S. Dept. of State,
Daily Press Briefing, Richard Boucher, Washington, DC, 3/18/03. (c)
Country list: White House, Statement of Support from Coalition,
3/25/03,
http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/03/print/20030325-8.html;
population calculated from Statistical Abstract of the United States,
2001, Washington, DC: 2001, table 1327. Total includes USA. The White
House list includes countries whose leaders have done no more than
state their support for the United States, and the listing changes
from day to day, with some countries being added and some removed.
7. d (a) Don Van Natta Jr. and Desmond Butler, "Anger On Iraq Seen As
New Qaeda Recruiting Tool," NYT, 3/16/03, p. I:1. (b) Van Natta and
Butler, NYT, 3/16/03. (c) Van Natta and Butler, NYT, 3/16/03.
8. d (a) Colum Lynch, "U.S. Boycotts Nuclear Test Ban Meeting; Some
Delegates at U.N. Session Upset at Latest Snub of Pact Bush Won't
Back," Washington Post, 11/12/02, p. A6. (b) Amy E. Smithson, "U.S.
Implementation of the CWC," in Jonathan B. Tucker, The Chemical
Weapons Convention: Implementation Challenges and Solutions, Monterey
Institute, April 2001, pp. 23-29,
http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/reports/tuckcwc.htm; Jonathan Tucker, "The
Fifth Review Conference of the Biological and Toxin Weapons
Convention," Feb. 2002, http://www.nti.org/e_research/e3_7b.html. (c)
Testimony before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence,
excerpted at http://traprockpeace.org/usefulquotesoniraq.html.
9. d (a) Craig S. Smith, "Saudi Arabia Seems Calm But, Many Say, Is
Seething," NYT, 3/24/03, p. B13. In fact, "Though the Saudi
government officially denies it, the bombing campaign is being
directed from Saudi Arabia - something that few Saudis realize." (b)
On Syria, see Douglas Little, ACold War and Covert Action: The United
States and Syria, 1945 1958,@ Middle East Journal, vol. 44, no. 1,
Winter 1990, pp. 55 57. On Iran, see Mark J. Gasiorowski, "The 1953
Coup D'Etat in Iran," International Journal of Middle East Studies,
vol. 19, Aug. 1987, pp. 261-86. (c) Andrew Cockburn and Patrick
Cockburn, Out of the Ashes: The Resurrection of Saddam Hussein, New
York: HarperPerennial. 1999, chap. 1.
10. d (re audiotape, see David Johnston, "Top U.S. Officials Press
Case Linking Iraq To Al Qaeda," NYT, 2/12/03, p. A1; Mohamad Bazzi,
"U.S. says bin Laden tape urging Iraqis to attack appears real,"
Newsday, 2/12/03, p. A5. (a) James Risen and David Johnston, "Split
at C.I.A. and F.B.I. On Iraqi Ties to Al Qaeda," NYT, 2/2/03, p.
I:13. (b) "Leaked Report Rejects Iraqi al-Qaeda Link," BBC News,
2/5/03. (c) Rohan Gunaratna, "Iraq and Al Qaeda: No Evidence of
Alliance," International Herald Tribune, 2/19/03.
Interpreting Your Score
9-10 Correct: Excellent. Contact United for Peace and Justice,
http://www.unitedforpeace.org/, and work to fight the war and the
system that produced it.
6-8 Correct: Fair. You've been watching a few too many former
generals and government officials who provide the "expert" commentary
for the mainstream media. Read the alternative media!
3-5 Correct: Poor. Don't feel bad. George W. Bush only got a C- in
International Relations at College.
0-2 Correct: Failing. You have a bright future as an "embedded" journalist.
by Stephen R. Shalom
[check out Shalom's books, esp. Imperial Alibis: Rationalizing U.S.
Intervention After the Cold War at
http://southendpress.org/books/author/shalom.shtml ]
1. The anti-war movement supports our troops by urging that they be
brought home immediately so they neither kill nor get killed in a
unjust war. How has the Bush administration shown its support for our
troops?
a. The Republican-controlled House Budget Committee voted to cut $25
billion in veterans benefits over the next 10 years.
b. The Bush administration proposed cutting $172 million from impact
aid programs which provide school funding for children of military
personnel.
c. The administration ordered the Dept. of Veterans Affairs to stop
publicizing health benefits available to veterans.
d. All of the above.
2. The anti-war movement believes that patriotism means urging our
country to do what is right. How do Bush administration officials
define patriotism?
a. Patriotism means emulating Dick Cheney, who serves as
Vice-President while receiving $100,000-$1,000,000 a year from
Halliburton, the multi-billion dollar company which is already lining
up for major contracts in post-war Iraq.
b. Patriotism means emulating Richard Perle, the warhawk who serves
as head of the Defense Intelligence Board while at the same time
meeting with Saudi arms dealer Adnan Khashoggi on behalf of Trireme,
a company of which he is a managing partner, involved in security and
military technologies, and while agreeing to work as a paid lobbyist
for Global Crossing, a telecommunications giant seeking a major
Pentagon contract.
c. Patriotism means emulating George W. Bush, Dick Cheney, Paul
Wolfowitz, Richard Perle, John Bolton, Tom DeLay, John Ashcroft,
Lewis Libby, and others who enthusiastically supported the Vietnam
War while avoiding serving in it and who now are sending others to
kill and be killed in Iraq.
d. All of the above.
3. The Bush administration has accused Saddam Hussein of lying
regarding his weapons of mass destruction. Which of the following
might be considered less than truthful?
a. Constant claims by the Bush administration that there was
documentary evidence linking Iraq to attempted uranium purchases in
Niger, despite the fact that the documents were forgeries and CIA
analysts doubted their authenticity.
b. A British intelligence report on Iraq's security services that was
in fact plagiarized, with selected modifications, from a student
article.
c. The frequent citation of the incriminating testimony of Iraqi
defector Hussein Kamel, while suppressing that part of the testimony
in which Kamel stated that Iraqi weapons of mass destruction had been
destroyed following the 1991 Gulf War.
d. All of the above.
4. White House Press Secretary Ari Fleisher stormed out of a press
conference when the assembled reporters broke into laughter after he
declared that the U.S. would never try to bribe members of the UN.
What should Fleisher have said to defend himself?
a. It wasn't just bribery; we also ordered the bugging of the home
and office phones and emails of the UN ambassadors of Security
Council member states that were undecided on war.
b. Oh, come on! We've been doing this for years. In 1990 when Yemen
voted against authorizing war with Iraq, the U.S. ambassador declared
"That will be the most expensive 'no' vote you ever cast."
c. Why do you think the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act makes one
of the conditions for an African country to receive preferential
access to U.S. markets that it "not engage in activities that
undermine United States national security or foreign policy
interests"?
d. All of the above.
5. George Bush has declared that "we have no fight with the Iraqi
people." What could he have cited as supporting evidence?
a. U.S. maintenance of 12 years of crippling sanctions that
strengthened Saddam Hussein while contributing to the death of
hundreds of thousands of Iraqi civilians.
b. The fact that "coalition" forces have indicated that they will use
cluster bombs in Iraq, despite warnings from human rights groups that
"The use of cluster munitions in Iraq will endanger civilians for
years to come."
c. By pointing to the analogy of Afghanistan, which the U.S. pledged
not to forget about when the war was over, and for which the current
Bush administration foreign aid budget request included not one cent
in aid.
d. All of the above.
6. The Bush administration has touted the many nations that are part
of the "coalition of the willing." Which of the following statements
about this coalition is true?
a. In most of the coalition countries polls show that a majority,
often an overwhelming majority, of the people oppose the war.
b. More than ten of the members of the coalition of the willing are
actually a coalition of the unwilling - unwilling to reveal their
names.
c. Coalition members - most of whose contributions to the war are
negligible or even zero - constitute less than a quarter of the
countries in the UN and contain less than 20% of the world's
population.
d. All of the above.
7. The war on Iraq is said to be part of the "war on terrorism."
Which of the following is true?
a. A senior American counterintelligence official said: "An American
invasion of Iraq is already being used as a recruitment tool by Al
Qaeda and other groups....And it is a very effective tool."
b. An American official, based in Europe, said Iraq had become "a
battle cry, in a way," for Al Qaeda recruiters.
c. France's leading counter-terrorism judge said: "Bin Laden's
strategy has always been to demonstrate to the Islamic community that
the West, and especially the U.S., is starting a global war against
Muslims. An attack on Iraq might confirm this vision for many
Muslims. I am very worried about the next wave of recruits."
d. All of the above.
8. The Bush administration says it is waging war to stop the spread
of weapons of mass destruction. Which of the following is true?
a. The United States has refused to ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban
Treaty, viewed worldwide as the litmus test for seriousness about
nuclear disarmament.
b. The United States has insisted on a reservation to the Chemical
Weapons Convention allowing the U.S. President the right to refuse an
inspection of U.S. facilities on national security grounds, and
blocked efforts to improve compliance with the Biological and Toxin
Weapons Convention.
c. Vice Admiral Lowell E. Jacoby, Director of the Defense
Intelligence Agency, testified on Feb. 11, 2003, "The long-term
trends with respect to WMD and missile proliferation are bleak.
States seek these capabilities for regional purposes, or to provide a
hedge to deter or offset U.S. military superiority."
d. All of the above.
9. The Bush administration says it wants to bring democracy to Iraq
and the Middle East. Which of the following is true?
a. If there were democracy in Saudi Arabia today, backing for the
U.S. war effort would be the first thing to go, given the country's
"increasingly anti-American population deeply opposed to the war."
b. The United States subverted some of the few democratic governments
in the Middle East (Syria in 1949, Iran in 1953), and has backed
undemocratic regimes in the region ever since.
c. The United States supported the crushing of anti-Saddam Hussein
revolts in Iraq in 1991.
d. All of the above.
10. Colin Powell cited as evidence of an Iraq-Al Qaeda link an
audiotape from bin Laden in which he called Saddam Hussein and his
Baath Party regime "infidels." Which of the following is more
compelling evidence?
a. An FBI official told the New York Times: "We've been looking at
this hard for more than a year and you know what, we just don't think
it's there."
b. According to a classified British intelligence report seen by BBC
News, "There are no current links between the Iraqi regime and the
al-Qaeda network."
c. According to Rohan Gunaratna, author of Inside Al Qaeda: Global
Network of Terror, "Since U.S. intervention in Afghanistan in October
2001, I have examined several tens of thousands of documents
recovered from Al Qaeda and Taliban sources. In addition to listening
to 240 tapes taken from Al Qaeda's central registry, I debriefed
several Al Qaeda and Taliban detainees. I could find no evidence of
links between Iraq and Al Qaeda."
d. All of the above.
Answers and Sources
1. d (a) Cong. Lane Evans, "Veterans Programs Slashed by House
Republicans," Press Release, 3/13/03,
http://www.veterans.house.gov/democratic/press/108th/3-13-03budget.htm.
(b) Brian Faler, "Educators Angry Over Proposed Cut in Aid; Many
Children in Military Families Would Feel Impact," Washington Post,
3/19/03, p. A29. (c) See Veterans' for Common Sense, letter to George
W. Bush, 3/20/03
http://www.veteransforcommonsense.org/print.asp?id=563; Melissa B.
Robinson, "Hospitals Face Budget Crunch," Associated Press, 7/31/02;
Jason Tait, "Veterans angered by marketing ban," Eagle-Tribune
(Lawrence, MA), 8/2/02,
http://www.eagletribune.com/news/stories/20020802/FP_003.htm
2. d (a) Warren Vieth and Elizabeth Douglass, " Ousting Hussein could
open the door for U.S. and British firms. French, Russian and Chinese
rivals would lose their edge," Los Angeles Times, 3/12/03, p. I:1;
Robert Bryce and Julian Borger, "Halliburton: Cheney is still paid by
Pentagon contractor, Bush deputy gets Dollars 1m from firm with Iraq
oil deal," Guardian (London), 3/12/03, p. 5 (which notes that
Halliburton "would not say how much the payments are; the obligatory
disclosure statement filled by all top government officials says only
that they are in the range of" $100,000 and $1 million. (b) Seymour
M. Hersh, "Lunch with the Chairman," New Yorker, 3/16/03; Stephen
Labaton, "Pentagon Adviser Is Also Advising Global Crossing," NYT,
3/21/03, p. C1. Perle is to be paid $725,000 for his lobbying effort,
including $600,000 if his lobbying is successful. (c) New Hampshire
Gazette, "The Chickenhawks," http://nhgazette.com/chickenhawks.html.
3. d (a) See the evidence collected in Cong. Henry Waxman's letter to
George W. Bush, 3/17/03,
http://www.house.gov/waxman/text/admin_iraq_march_17_let.htm. (b) See
Glen Rangwala's report, http://traprockpeace.org/britishdossier.html.
(c) See Glen Rangwala's report, http://traprockpeace.org/kamel.html.
4. d (a) Martin Bright, Ed Vulliamy, and Peter Beaumont, The Observer
(London), 3/2/03. (b) Quoted in Phyllis Bennis, Calling the Shots:
How Washington Dominates Today's UN, New York: Olive Branch, 1996, p.
33. (c) Sarah Anderson, Phyllis Bennis, and John Cavanagh, Coalition
of the Willing or Coalition of the Coerced?: How The Bush
Administration Influences Allies in Its War on Iraq, Washington, DC:
Institute for Policy Studies, 2/26/03, p. 4.
5. d (a) For background, see Anthony Arnove, ed., Iraq Under Siege:
The Deadly Impact of Sanctions and War, Cambridge: South End Press,
updated ed. 2003. (b) Paul Waugh, "Labour MPs Attack Hoon After He
Reveals That British Forces Will Use Cluster Bombs," Independent,
3/21/03, p. 4; Human Rights Watch, Press Release, 3/18/03: "Persian
Gulf: U.S. Cluster Bomb Duds A Threat; Warning Against Use of Cluster
Bombs in Iraq." (c) Zvi Bar'el, "Flaws in the Afghan Model,"
Ha'aretz, 3/14/03,
http://www.haaretzdaily.com/hasen/objects/pages/PrintArticleEn.jhtml?ite
mNo=272884.
6. d (a) See, for example, the revealing comment of Secretary of
State Powell: "We need to knock down this idea that nobody is on our
side. So many nations recognize this danger [of Iraq's weapons]. And
they do it in the face of public opposition." Quoted in Steven R.
Weisman With Felicity Barringer, "Urgent Diplomacy Fails To Gain U.S.
9 Votes In The U.N." NYT, 3/10/03, p. A1) (b) U.S. Dept. of State,
Daily Press Briefing, Richard Boucher, Washington, DC, 3/18/03. (c)
Country list: White House, Statement of Support from Coalition,
3/25/03,
http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/03/print/20030325-8.html;
population calculated from Statistical Abstract of the United States,
2001, Washington, DC: 2001, table 1327. Total includes USA. The White
House list includes countries whose leaders have done no more than
state their support for the United States, and the listing changes
from day to day, with some countries being added and some removed.
7. d (a) Don Van Natta Jr. and Desmond Butler, "Anger On Iraq Seen As
New Qaeda Recruiting Tool," NYT, 3/16/03, p. I:1. (b) Van Natta and
Butler, NYT, 3/16/03. (c) Van Natta and Butler, NYT, 3/16/03.
8. d (a) Colum Lynch, "U.S. Boycotts Nuclear Test Ban Meeting; Some
Delegates at U.N. Session Upset at Latest Snub of Pact Bush Won't
Back," Washington Post, 11/12/02, p. A6. (b) Amy E. Smithson, "U.S.
Implementation of the CWC," in Jonathan B. Tucker, The Chemical
Weapons Convention: Implementation Challenges and Solutions, Monterey
Institute, April 2001, pp. 23-29,
http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/reports/tuckcwc.htm; Jonathan Tucker, "The
Fifth Review Conference of the Biological and Toxin Weapons
Convention," Feb. 2002, http://www.nti.org/e_research/e3_7b.html. (c)
Testimony before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence,
excerpted at http://traprockpeace.org/usefulquotesoniraq.html.
9. d (a) Craig S. Smith, "Saudi Arabia Seems Calm But, Many Say, Is
Seething," NYT, 3/24/03, p. B13. In fact, "Though the Saudi
government officially denies it, the bombing campaign is being
directed from Saudi Arabia - something that few Saudis realize." (b)
On Syria, see Douglas Little, ACold War and Covert Action: The United
States and Syria, 1945 1958,@ Middle East Journal, vol. 44, no. 1,
Winter 1990, pp. 55 57. On Iran, see Mark J. Gasiorowski, "The 1953
Coup D'Etat in Iran," International Journal of Middle East Studies,
vol. 19, Aug. 1987, pp. 261-86. (c) Andrew Cockburn and Patrick
Cockburn, Out of the Ashes: The Resurrection of Saddam Hussein, New
York: HarperPerennial. 1999, chap. 1.
10. d (re audiotape, see David Johnston, "Top U.S. Officials Press
Case Linking Iraq To Al Qaeda," NYT, 2/12/03, p. A1; Mohamad Bazzi,
"U.S. says bin Laden tape urging Iraqis to attack appears real,"
Newsday, 2/12/03, p. A5. (a) James Risen and David Johnston, "Split
at C.I.A. and F.B.I. On Iraqi Ties to Al Qaeda," NYT, 2/2/03, p.
I:13. (b) "Leaked Report Rejects Iraqi al-Qaeda Link," BBC News,
2/5/03. (c) Rohan Gunaratna, "Iraq and Al Qaeda: No Evidence of
Alliance," International Herald Tribune, 2/19/03.
Interpreting Your Score
9-10 Correct: Excellent. Contact United for Peace and Justice,
http://www.unitedforpeace.org/, and work to fight the war and the
system that produced it.
6-8 Correct: Fair. You've been watching a few too many former
generals and government officials who provide the "expert" commentary
for the mainstream media. Read the alternative media!
3-5 Correct: Poor. Don't feel bad. George W. Bush only got a C- in
International Relations at College.
0-2 Correct: Failing. You have a bright future as an "embedded" journalist.
