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100 years ago

gotsnowgotslush

gotsnowgotslush

skates like Eck
Joined
Dec 24, 2007
Posts
25,720
2011

Plymouth Plantation provided New England fans with a live broadcast of the Royal Wedding this morning.

Fri Apr 29, 2011 7:55am EDT

LONDON - Prince William, second-in-line to the British throne, and his long-term girlfriend Kate Middleton were declared married on Friday
at a service in London's Westminster Abbey.


100 years ago-

1911

Princess Tatiana Constantinovna of Russia and Prince Konstantin Alexandrovich Bagration-Mukhransky, her Georgian prince were married,
at her father's (Grand Duke Constantine Constantinovich of Russia ) estate at Pavlovsk, on 3 September 1911

1900


Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg and Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria were married 1 July 1900 at Reichstadt
 
The Tour de France’s cyclists first climbed the Col du Galibier in 1911.

To mark this hundredth anniversary in the appropriate way, in 2011, the Galibier will be climbed twice after an interval of 24 hours. The finish of the18 th stage will be judged at the summit, which will be the highest finish in the Tour’s history, at an altitude of 2, 645 metres.
 
Both eruptions occurred in the Lesser Antilles island arc. The Soufriere volcano, on the British island of
St. Vincent, erupted powerfully on May 7, 1902, killing 2,000 inhabitants. The very next day and 150 km
(100 miles) farther north, Mont Pelee exploded on the French island of Martinique, destroying the
city of St. Pierre and sending 28,000 people to their deaths. The timing of the two eruptions was coincidental.
The deaths were preventable by today's standards.

The eruption of Soufriere was preceded by about a year of felt earthquakes. Explosions began on May 6
from within a crater lake. At about noon on May 7, the lake overflowed with hot, muddy water followed
by explosions of lava.

The eruption rapidly developed a high column of ash, and pyroclastic flows-among the most dangerous
of all volcanic events-rushed down valleys at hurricane velocity. The pyroclastic flows were hot enough to kill,
but people in sheltered locales survived.

At Mont Pelee the situation was different and even more tragic. The volcano had been erupting at a low level for
several weeks and had erupted mildly in 1851. Still, residents remained unconvinced of its potential power.

Then the eruption turned nasty. By April 27, a lake had formed in the summit crater. Eruptive activity increased over
the next few days, sending ash and sulfurous fume into St. Pierre, only 4 km (2.5 miles) away. Residents began
wearing wet handkerchiefs over nose and mouth.

On May 5, the 100-m-thick (300-foot-thick) crater wall burst, weakened by acid and broken by rising magma.
Scalding water from the lake poured downstream at nearly 90 km per hour (55 mph), engulfing everything
in its path, including a rum distillery where 23 workers perished.

Still the residents of St. Pierre stayed on, encouraged by rival political factions to vote in an election on Sunday, May 11.
No provisions for evacuation were made. Between 2,000 and 4,000 others streamed into town to hear the politicians
rail against one another. Despite some concern about the volcano, the editor of Les Colonies, in what was to be the
last issue of the local newspaper, wrote, "where could one be better than at St. Pierre?" Some thought they knew
and left for Fort-de-France, the island's second largest town, but about 28,000 remained in St. Pierre
to spend their last night on earth.

A man survived in the center of the city, and they found him after 3 days.
He had some burns on his face. But he was OK.
http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/volcanowatch/2001/01_05_03.html
 
Next summer, America will note the start of the 1812 War. Men, women and children, fought to keep The United States whole.
The British gave us a hard fight, and our allies from France and Spain gave us money and weapons to fight back. Native North
Americans lost their independence. It was their land, from Canada to Florida and Mexico. They took good care of the land,
before Europe came to take it from them. Men from Europe were shocked to see Native Americans scoop up water and drink
it, while they paddled the canoes. The British burned down President Madison's White House, because Americans attacked
what would become the Toronto of today. (York, Fort York)

"The 700 inhabitants of York came under American occupation for a few days during the British-American War of 1812.
But the Americans quickly retreated when the war started to go badly for them."

Luck and determination won a home without tyranny for many. (But, sadly, not all.)

Here is a song from the radio, when I was a little child. (1959)

Battle of New Orleans

WELL in 1814, we took a little trip,
along with Colonel Packenham down the mighty Mississipp.
We took a little bacon and we took a little beans,
and we fought the British in the town of New Orleans

Chorus
Well, we fired our guns and the British kept a comin',
there wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago.
We fired once more and they began a running,
on down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico

Weeell, we looked down the river till we see the British come,
there must have been a hundred of 'em beatin' on the drum.
They stepped so high and they made the bugles ring,
well, we stood beside our cotton bales and never said a thing.

Chorus
Well, we fired our guns and the British kept a comin',
and there wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago.
We fired once more and they began a running,
on down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico.


Well, Packenham said we could take em by surprise,
if we didn't fire a musket till we looked `em in the eyes.
Well, we stood quite still till we see their faces well,
then we opened up our muskets and we really gave em ..

Chorus
Well, we fired our guns and the British kept a comin',
and there wasn't nigh as many as there was a - - - -
and we fired once more and they began a running,
on down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico.

Weeeeell, they ran through the briars and they ran through the brambles,
and they ran through the bushes where the rabbits couldn't go.
They ran so fast that the hounds couldn't catch em,
all down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico.

Chorus
Well, we fired our guns and the British kept a comin',
there wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago.
We fired once more and they began a running,
on down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico
Well, we fired our muskets so the barrels melted down,
then grabbed an alligator and we fought another round.
Well, we stuffed his head with cannon balls and powdered his behind,
so when we touched the powder off, the 'gator lost his mind.

Chorus
Well, we fired our guns and the British kept a comin',
there wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago.
We fired once more and they began a running,
on down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico.
down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico.
down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico.
down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico.
on down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico.

The Treaty was signed by representatives of the United States and Great Britain to officially end the War of 1812

Done in triplicate at Ghent the twenty fourth day of December one thousand eight hundred and fourteen.

GAMBIER. [Seal]
HENRY GOULBURN [Seal]
WILLIAM ADAMS [Seal]
JOHN QUINCY ADAMS [Seal]
J. A. BAYARD [Seal]
H. CLAY. [Seal]
JON. RUSSELL [Seal]
ALBERT GALLATIN [Seal]
 
One hundred years ago, the Colt M1911 pistol was formally adopted by the U.S. Army in response to the need for more stopping power against Muslim rebels in the Philippines during the Philippine-American War. :cool:
 
The great thing about "The Mighty Mississipp' is that when Lonnie Donegan did his cover version, he didn't change a single word.

I should add now that he's British, I suppose.
 
Dixon Carter Lee said:
It's called "The Battle of New Orleans".

Why would anyone do a cover version of what is, more or less, a novelty song?
Click to expand...
That was his schtick back then--Leadbelly, murder ballads, old-time music, with "authentic" Appalachian instruments. The British were sucking lots of American song-cock during that period. It just always cracked me up that he sang that song as written to a British audience, and they didn't care because it was 'authentic' American MusicTM!
 
In 1911 about twenty Russian 'Circassian' Gypsies were living in Cobourg Street in Leeds. The men were apparently tinsmiths, making copper pans in the back yards whilst others were singers and dancers. They had been travelling in Europe for two years. Newspaper photographs suggest that these two groups were Kalderash Gypsies (who spoke Romany as well as East European languages), who had begun to migrate round Europe in the later 19th century, partly as a result of the abolition of Gypsy slavery in Romania in 1856 and moved to Western Europe in the early 20th century. The Circassion Gypsies mentioned above had come to Leeds because there were Russian speaking Jews there. They were engaged to entertain them at the Jewish Institute during their stay.
~~~~

http://24.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lmej3plPPV1qh2eobo1_500.jpg

Kalderash women.
 
gotsnowgotslush said:
Both eruptions occurred in the Lesser Antilles island arc. The Soufriere volcano, on the British island of St. Vincent, erupted powerfully on May 7, 1902, killing 2,000 inhabitants. The very next day and 150 km (100 miles) farther north, Mont Pelee exploded on the French island of Martinique, destroying the city of St. Pierre and sending 28,000 people to their deaths. The timing of the two eruptions was coincidental. The deaths were preventable by today's standards.

The eruption of Soufriere was preceded by about a year of felt earthquakes. Explosions began on May 6 from within a crater lake. At about noon on May 7, the lake overflowed with hot, muddy water followed by explosions of lava.

The eruption rapidly developed a high column of ash, and pyroclastic flows-among the most dangerous of all volcanic events-rushed down valleys at hurricane velocity. The pyroclastic flows were hot enough to kill, but people in sheltered locales survived.

At Mont Pelee the situation was different and even more tragic. The volcano had been erupting at a low level for several weeks and had erupted mildly in 1851. Still, residents remained unconvinced of its potential power.

Then the eruption turned nasty. By April 27, a lake had formed in the summit crater. Eruptive activity increased over the next few days, sending ash and sulfurous fume into St. Pierre, only 4 km (2.5 miles) away. Residents began wearing wet handkerchiefs over nose and mouth.

On May 5, the 100-m-thick (300-foot-thick) crater wall burst, weakened by acid and broken by rising magma. Scalding water from the lake poured downstream at nearly 90 km per hour (55 mph), engulfing everything in its path, including a rum distillery where 23 workers perished.

Still the residents of St. Pierre stayed on, encouraged by rival political factions to vote in an election on Sunday, May 11. No provisions for evacuation were made. Between 2,000 and 4,000 others streamed into town to hear the politicians rail against one another. Despite some concern about the volcano, the editor of Les Colonies, in what was to be the last issue of the local newspaper, wrote, "where could one be better than at St. Pierre?" Some thought they knew and left for Fort-de-France, the island's second largest town, but about 28,000 remained in St. Pierre to spend their last night on earth.

A man survived in the center of the city, and they found him after 3 days. He had some burns on his face. But he was OK.
http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/volcanowatch/2001/01_05_03.html
Click to expand...


I sailed into St. Pierre in the late '90s. We anchored off the town and toured the place. It was once a very grand town and was called "The Paris of the Caribbean." The sole survivor of the Mont Pelee eruption was a prisoner locked up in the hoosegow ( and the whole reason he survived was for that very reason— he was in an underground prison cell ). While it's not Pompeii, there are some similarities. IIRC, there's a big plaque acknowledging U.S. relief efforts and monetary contributions.


The volcano above the town is obvious as are the lava flows. If you've never seen a black sand beach, it's weird. It's also hotter than Hades. We took the dinghy ashore in the early afternoon and the minute you set foot on that sand, you started hopping around as if your feet were on fire. You realized you'd made a big mistake. If you didn't have shoes, there was only one way to get across the beach— run like bloody hell.



 
Oopsie Daisy! I quoted the wrong lyrics. :eek: Please do not call me wikiwoman!

http://www.lonniedoneganinc.com/discography.html

Andrew Jackson aka Old Hickory

http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/andrewjackson/

The Sevier feud was only one of many explosive quarrels involving Jackson. Jackson's hot temper, prickly sense of honor, and sensitivity to insult embroiled him in a series of fights and brawls. The most notorious of these affairs, in 1806, began with a minor misunderstanding over a horse race and ended in a duel with pistols between Jackson and Charles Dickinson. Dickinson, a crack shot, fired first and hit Jackson in the chest. Jackson gave no sign of being hurt but coolly stood his ground, aimed carefully, and killed his foe. Jackson carried Dickinson's bullet for the rest of his life. Later, in 1813, during a hiatus in his military service during the War of 1812, Jackson fought in a Nashville street brawl against the Benton brothers, Jesse and Thomas Hart. There he took a bullet that nearly cost him an arm.
(They called him after a tough old tree because he had a bullet stuck in his flesh like a tree?)
http://millercenter.org/president/jackson/essays/biography/2

Who was Packenham?

Lieutenant General Sir Edward Michael Pakenham

Pakenham accepted command of the British North American army and left almost immediately for Jamaica where he was to rendez-vous with more British forces before moving on to the Gulf Coast.
Heavy winds delayed Pakenham’s crossing and he reached Jamaica only after Vice Adm. Alexander Cochrane had already departed
for New Orleans to commence operations.

Pakenham finally made it to the British advance camp, 7 miles below New Orleans at the Villere Plantation, on December 25, 1814. He showed leadership and determination in bringing forward the large pieces of British artillery over difficult terrain, but the operation was plagued by a long, inefficient supply line, a lack of intelligence reports, and bitter weather.

....telling MacDougall to find General Lambert to tell him to assume command and send forward the reserves.
Pakenham died, his last words being, “Lost for the lack of courage.”

The battle ended in defeat for the British.

Old Hickory lived, and became President of the United States of America.
 
President Andrew Jackson lost his head! (not really- it's a joke- pfftttt)

"....an angry Whig sympathizer decapitated a figurehead of Andrew Jackson that had just been affixed to the bow
of the U.S.S. Constitution in the Charlestown Navy Yard in Boston.

Whigs were appalled that Andrew Jackson would become a figurehead for the U.S.S. Constitution- because the populist president
had challenged the interests of Boston bankers and merchants and had helped shape what became the modern Democratic Party.

"Mariners, too, were distressed that a former army general had been chosen to grace a naval vessel.
Handbills denigrating Jackson read: “For God’s sake save the ship from this foul disgrace.”

The mouth and the rest of the head eventually went re-united

176 years later!

The recovery of the original mouth allowed historians to reconstruct Jackson’s countenance as it appeared in 1834,
framed by his jutting chin and flowing bouffant mane.

They have been reunited in New York, thanks to research by a team from the public-television series “History Detectives.”

After the decapitation, the Constitution sailed for calmer waters in New York, where a replacement head
carved by Dodge & Son of South Street was affixed to the figurehead in 1835.

When the Constitution was refitted in the mid-19th century, the original figurehead of Jackson was replaced by a second one.

article- President’s Features Reunited After 176 Years
section- N.Y. / Region
writer- Sam Roberts
date- April 4, 2010
reason- Museum of the City of New York

key words for my search- 1834 figurehead of Andrew Jackson beheaded

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/05/nyregion/05jackson.html
 
Someone copied The Masters and the paintings were sold as the originals.
Where did they get vellum from the Renaissance, to paint on?

These days, they have ways of seeing the originals, know when the artist
has altered what they were painting, as they were working on the painting.

Finger prints, of the original Master artist, whorls....
 
Nova- Mystery of a Masterpiece
80 million dollars offered for a portrait in doubt....
(They will tell you where such old vellum, was found.)
 
1877

William Kirby and his wife, Ellen and their five children
(only three of William’s seven children in total survived to adulthood)

"....a death certificate shows that William and Ellen’s fifth child, also called William, died in this very house on February, 23, 1877 – 135 years ago.
He was just two weeks old and his death was caused by convulsions, possibly brought on by an outbreak of fever."

Ellen was to die from tuberculosis in Angel Meadow a decade later in 1887.

William died of chronic bronchitis and exhaustion at Crumpsall workhouse in 1902. He had survived famine,
emigration, poverty, a tuberculosis outbreak and the horrors of the slum.

William’s only surviving son, Michael, kept up the fish business and the family had a stall on the city’s Smithfield Market until the 1940s.

Dean Kirby writes about his great-great-grandfather in 2012.

A Victorian Slum and her Slumlords

‘Angel Meadow’ - 112 Charter Street, the old name for Dantzic Street

Miller Street/ Dantzic Street- Manchester UK

William Kirby's house and fish shop
weekly rent of four shillings and nine pence
two-storey home
two rooms measuring 10ft square
slate roof
the walls between the houses were separated by the width of only half a brick.
The cellars were entered via a dark passageway that was below street level.
(six years earlier he had been living in a cellar, dark, damp and dank)
"It was such a hideous, wet, horrible place to live, but it was these people who
powered the Industrial Revolution in Manchester."
-Chris Wild from Oxford Archaeology North

use of the privy ( William may have shared with 100 other people)
only a quarter of houses on Charter Street were free from prostitution

1870-Manchester Guardian newspaper report- leaky roofs and doors smashed violently from their hinges

"These were among Manchester’s poorest housing conditions. A whole family lived here. They had a fireplace.
Often they didn’t even have furniture. They were just living on straw on the floor."

- Site director Chris Wild from Oxford Archaeology North

Thomas McDonald –horse-dealer- a relative of William Kirby's, lived 100 doors down

http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereve...ts-of-angel-meadow-manchesters-filthiest-slum

‘hell on earth’
- social reformer Friedrich Engels

The Scuttlers of Manchester

Waging turf wars with knives and belts, teenage gangs with a 'ferocious love of fighting' horrified civilised society. The date? 1870.
A new study of 'The Scuttlers' of Victorian Manchester reveals that gang culture dates back almost 140 years.

"It seems that the practice was somehow ratcheted up as Manchester became more heavily industrialised. You’ve got huge problems
of overcrowding in the poorer districts with tens of thousands of people crammed into very close proximity in areas like Ancoats,
Angel Meadow, Collyhurst and Salford. What that seems to have done is to have injected a new vigour and ferocity into the fights
between competing sets of young men which had always gone on but never with this intensity of violence."

In the first 12 months of the so-called Rochdale Road War of 1870-71, around 500 Scuttlers were convicted and members
of the local council were growing quite alarmed at the sheer number of 12 and 13-year-old boys who were languishing in prison.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2008/10/20/201008_scuttlers_interview_feature.shtml
 
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