Energy Issues in the US

RightField

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Energy non-economics
By Richard W. Rahn
December 12, 2007

What do you think would happen if the 1,000-plus page energy bill before the Senate did not pass? Would your lights go out? Would you be unable to buy fuel for your car?

If the energy bill that passed the House on Dec. 6 is now passed in the Senate, American taxpayers will be burdened with $21 billion in new taxes and have less freedom to drive the cars that they want.

You may be thinking, why would members of Congress want to increase my taxes and reduce my freedom? For all too many, being in government is a power trip, and being able to micromanage the lives of others gives them a kick — the proposed energy bill being Exhibit I.

In free-market economies, the price system negates the need for big brothers and mothers in government to manage our lives. When shopping for a car, people make tradeoffs. Bigger cars provide more carrying capacity for people and their belongings, and are generally safer, but they use more gasoline. As gasoline prices go up, increasing numbers of people buy smaller, more fuel efficient vehicles — Economics 101 — without Congress telling them to do so. Yet, the new energy bill states that cars and trucks must average 35 miles a gallon by 2020, regardless of individual need. My own bet is that with the advances in technology spurred by high gasoline prices, electric cars will be the norm by 2020, and so the regulation will be moot. But if I am wrong with my tech forecast, the congressional mandates will cause more unnecessary highway deaths, more inconvenience to American families, and will force manufacturers to produce vehicles that might be uneconomic for some companies.

The energy bill also mandates that electric utilities produce 15 percent of their power from "renewable sources," which makes no economic sense in many parts of the country. If nuclear energy can be produced for a third of the cost of a renewable, why should all consumers be saddled with higher prices to do things less efficiently? Again, the free-market price system tells producers what fuels they should use far more effectively than lordly senators and representatives ever can.

As you may have noticed, thousands of companies around the world are trying to figure out how to bring more energy to us at lower prices. They are doing this because the present high energy prices signal that great profits are to be made by those who succeed — as some surely will.

But Congress, by giving tens of billions of dollars of subsidies to political favorites, such as corn farmers to make uneconomic ethanol, and engaging in mindless regulation, is distorting those price signals and actually slowing energy innovation. Also, the ethanol scam, by diverting crop land, is a major factor in the rise in food prices.

By proposing $21 billion more in taxes to pay for the subsidies and misallocating scarce resources, Congress will make all Americans poorer, less safe and less free. A new study indicates the legislation will cause a net loss of 4.9 million jobs and by 2030 diminish the average American household"s annual purchasing power by about $1,700 from baseline levels.

One truly foolish and arrogant provision of the bill would mandate a phaseout of the standard incandescent electric light bulb. But the private sector has already invented high-brightness LEDs and other new lighting technologies that use a small fraction of electricity and last far longer than the traditional bulb. As the price of these new technologies drop, individual consumers will quickly switch over — as they are already doing — without the nannies in Congress telling them to do so. (LEDs have become standard for stop lights and are used on the White House Christmas tree this year).

Members of Congress want to be able to claim credit for something the private sector is already doing, because the price system gives entrepreneurs the appropriate signals to speed up innovation.

For the first 150 years of the American Republic, members of Congress would come to Washington for a several weeks to tend to the appropriate functions of government, which are few. But, sadly, they now hang around Washington all year, getting into mischief and acting like a bunch of socialist bureaucrats in a never-ending quest to manage our lives.

The beauty of the free-market price system is that it provides the private sector with all the information it needs to fulfill the wants, needs and desires of the people — including energy — far more quickly and efficiently than any government can.

The biggest gift Congress could give the American people is to forget about the energy bill and take a longer Christmas vacation.
 
Another Article on Energy

Coal power potential
By Roy Innis
December 12, 2007

We often hear that clean, free, inexhaustible renewable energy can replace the "dirty" fossil fuels that sustain our economy. A healthy dose of Energy Reality is needed.

More than half of our electricity comes from coal. Gas and nuclear generate 36 percent of our electricity. Barely 1 percent comes from wind and solar. Coal-generated power typically costs less per kilowatt-hour than alternatives — leaving families with more money for food, housing, transportation and health care.

By 2020, the United States will need 100,000 megawatts of new electricity according to forecasts from the Energy Information Administration, and industry and utility company analysts. Unreliable wind power simply cannot meet these demands.

Wind farms require subsidies and vast stretches of land. To meet New York City's electricity needs alone would require blanketing all of Connecticut with towering turbines, says Rockefeller University Professor Jesse Ausubel. They kill birds and must be backed up by expensive coal or gas power plants that mostly sit idle — but kick in whenever the wind dies down, so factories, schools, offices and homes don't shut down.

On a scale sufficient to meet the electricity needs of a modern society, wind power is just not sustainable.

For three decades, U.S. demand for natural gas has outpaced production. In fact, gas prices have tripled since 1998, to $13 per 1,000 cubic feet today, and every $1 increase costs U.S. consumers an additional $22 billion a year.

With Congress and states making more gas prospects off-limits every year, this trend is likely to continue — further driving up prices and forcing us to increasingly import expensive liquefied natural gas. We cannot afford to halt construction of new coal-fired power plants, though some are trying to.

Chesapeake Energy Corp. supported anti-coal initiatives in Oklahoma, Kansas and Texas. The scheme was intended to drive up the price of natural gas, and thus profits, by making coal less available and more expensive — with little regard for poor families.

Former Clinton administration environment staffer Katy McGinty engineered the lockup of 7 billion tons of low sulfur Utah coal, worth $1 trillion. Current and proposed regulations would make it even more difficult and expensive to provide adequate coal-fired electricity. But energy and pollution reality support more coal use, not less.

Power plants fueled by coal are far less polluting than 30 years ago. Just since 1998, their annual sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions have declined another 28 percent and 43 percent respectively, according to air quality expert Joel Schwartz.

Coal-fired power plants are now the primary source of U.S. mercury emissions only because the major sources (incinerating wastes and processing ores containing mercury) have been eliminated. U.S. mercury emissions are now down 82 percent since the early 1980s, and new rules — and new rules will eliminate most remaining mercury and other emissions from power plants by 2015.

That leaves carbon dioxide and catastrophic climate change as rationales for opposing coal. The latest U.N.-IPCC report again reduces projections for future temperature increases, polar melting and sea level rise. Moreover, increasing scientific evidence suggests only slight warming, climate change controlled primarily by solar cycles, and no storm, drought or sea level trends that exceed historical experience.

Yet, claims about imminent catastrophes have become borderline hysterical, in the weeks preceding international climate talks in Bali.

The inconvenient truth is that these climate chaos horror stories are based almost entirely on computer models and digital disaster scenarios. They are no more real than the raptors in "Jurassic Park."

Nevertheless, politicians are promoting initiatives like the Lieberman-Warner bill and Midwestern Governors Association climate pact, which they say will prevent a cataclysm, by slashing CO2 emissions by 60 to 80 percent and generating "thousands of megawatts" from wind energy.

If these initiatives become law, experts say electricity rates would soar another 50 percent by 2012. Labor unions predict millions of lost jobs, as companies shift operations to foreign countries.

China and other rapidly developing countries will build 1,000 new coal plants during the next five years — with few of the pollution controls we require. That means even major sacrifices by American workers and families won't affect global temperatures, even if CO2 is the primary cause of global warming — which many scientists say is not the case.

We need every energy resource: oil, gas, coal, hydroelectric, nuclear — and wind, solar and geothermal.

We cannot replace 52 percent of our electricity (the coal-based portion) with technologies that now provide only 1 percent of that power (mainly wind). Wind is an energy supplement, not an alternative.

We cannot generate electricity with hot air from politicians eager to create tax breaks, subsidies and "renewable energy mandates" for companies that produce alternative energy technologies — in exchange for campaign contributions from those companies.

We cannot afford to trash the energy we have, and substitute energy that exists only in campaign speeches and legislative decrees. Doing so would leave a huge Energy Gap between what we need and what we have.

Poor and minority families can least afford such "energy policies."

Roy Innis is national chairman of the New York-based Congress of Racial Equality, one of America's oldest and most respected civil rights organizations. This article is based on testimony he presented to a U.S. House of Representatives energy forum in December 2007.
 
My thoughts are that we shouldn't introduce new taxes at this point, but we should allow energy companies more latitude in developing nuclear power and start building more plants. From what I understand, new designs are safer and more reliable and can be built at a low price-per-megawatt for power.

Lower electricity generation costs would help in many ways. First, it would lower the costs for families and thereby raise the standard of living for us all using current and proven technologies. Second, the greater output of energy would allow us to replace more human energy with generated energy (incentive for more labor-saving devices) in the home and office and that would allow us to compete more favorably with inexpensive foreign labor (the outsourcing that many people on lit complain about). Thirdly, the extra energy would make the creation of hydrogen fuel cell cars less expensive (because the cost of creating usable hydrogen is too expensive now) and thereby reduce our dependance on fossil fuels...and hydrogen burns clean (the "exhaust" is H20).
 
Nah, thats not a biased load of horse shit at all. :rolleyes:

Yes it is, but it brings up points worth discussing. For example, I don't like the idea of another $21Billion in taxes. Also, I think too much focus on wind energy, for example, is a mistake because of the high cost per megawatt-hour and the unpredicability of the source. While I'd still like to see Teddy Kennedy agree to a wind-farm off the coast of Massachusetts, I don't think that a huge investment in wind-turbines will be the answer. For a while I worked with the group making the investment in wind turbines in the California desert and they're very expensive to build and to maintain and the yield isn't all that great. It has to be part of an overall strategy, not the central feature.

Are you going to discuss these points or just throw stones?
 
Power plants based on coal energy might have a place if we can create them 'clean'. Creating gasoline from coal is still too expensive a process though and we have to do something about our transportation needs.

One thing we ought to consider is a change in the tax bill that allows people tax breaks for relocation of they're moving closer to their work location which will reduce traffic congestion and reduce the amount of automobile exhaust pollutants. Rules would have to be set up to try to reduce the amount of fraud that would be perpetrated, but that's part of the cost of doing business the government way.
 
Yes it is, but it brings up points worth discussing. For example, I don't like the idea of another $21Billion in taxes. Also, I think too much focus on wind energy, for example, is a mistake because of the high cost per megawatt-hour and the unpredicability of the source. While I'd still like to see Teddy Kennedy agree to a wind-farm off the coast of Massachusetts, I don't think that a huge investment in wind-turbines will be the answer. For a while I worked with the group making the investment in wind turbines in the California desert and they're very expensive to build and to maintain and the yield isn't all that great. It has to be part of an overall strategy, not the central feature.

Are you going to discuss these points or just throw stones?

Try using articles that aren't so openly biased to make your points.
When you stop building glass houses I'll stop tossing stones at them.

As far as Nuclear power goes, I agree. There is no reason whatsoever to explain why we aren't building more, safer, cleaner nuclear power plants rather than exploring so-called "Clean" coal for power generation. I disagree with your opposition to wind power. We should be pursuing all avenues of power generation alternatives to fossil fuels.

Nuclear, wind, solar, geothermal, wavegen.. etc.
 
Right Field

You havent been here long

So you dont yet know

Anything that DOESNT sound 6000% like a DUMOH! talking point, anything that doesnt advocate 6000% US defeat vis a vis ANYTHING

Is BI ASSED according to resident DumOH! and TERRORIST APPEASOR, UD!
 
Coal bad. (Despite article.)

Oil pretty bad.

Natural gas better.

Nuclear ok.

Hydro, geothermal, tidal best.

Solar good in 20 years.

Electric cars good in 10 years.

Ethanol, wind marginal.
 
What the hell happened to LIT?

All my IGGY's were erased!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

I even see UD:D

a if I didnt know what he would say:eek:
 
Try using articles that aren't so openly biased to make your points.
When you stop building glass houses I'll stop tossing stones at them.

As far as Nuclear power goes, I agree. There is no reason whatsoever to explain why we aren't building more, safer, cleaner nuclear power plants rather than exploring so-called "Clean" coal for power generation. I disagree with your opposition to wind power. We should be pursuing all avenues of power generation alternatives to fossil fuels.

Nuclear, wind, solar, geothermal, wavegen.. etc.

I agree, we should expore all avenues and should build some wind turbine farms so that we further explore the technology to see if we can make it more cost-effective over time.
 
What the hell happened to LIT?

All my IGGY's were erased!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

I even see UD:D

a if I didnt know what he would say:eek:

It's a Liberal conspiracy. :eek:

You THINK that you know what I'll say, but you're often wrong.
 
Whether or not global warming is real or not, we should still be trying to find alternative sources of energy because fossill fuels are finite whereas sources of energy such as hydrogen are essentially infinate. fossill fuels have so much potential energy that we should reserve them for the applications where they're essential such as aircraft. For electricity, we can use many other sources, for automobilies we can us others, but for air flight, there's not many other alternatives.

I wonder why we're not trying beets as a source of ethanol and depending on corn instead. Corn needs far more land to generate a gallon of fuel than beets do and the use of corn is driving up food prices. Brazil is using beets and their program seems to be working pretty well (although they keep cutting down the rainforests).
 
Right Field

You havent been here long

So you dont yet know

Anything that DOESNT sound 6000% like a DUMOH! talking point, anything that doesnt advocate 6000% US defeat vis a vis ANYTHING

Is BI ASSED according to resident DumOH! and TERRORIST APPEASOR, UD!

lol...been here since June 2003.
 
Welcome back Yudy

I missed my punching bag!

FREE RECI!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:mad:
 
Coal bad. (Despite article.)

Oil pretty bad.

Natural gas better.

Nuclear ok.

Hydro, geothermal, tidal best.

Solar good in 20 years.

Electric cars good in 10 years.

Ethanol, wind marginal.

We have to consider economics also. We need to maintain a competitive base of goods and services or more jobs will disappear and we will have some citizens face additional hardships and we don't want that. Part of maintaining that competitive base is delivering energy at a low cost...that's very important. We can't make investments and create our energy at a $1 per megawatt-hour while China is able to create it at the equivalent of 3 cents per-megawatt-hour or more jobs will flee to China.
 
Righty

I suggest you head back to the HW/INCONVIENIENT thread and read my last 2 posts!;)
 
Whether or not global warming is real or not, we should still be trying to find alternative sources of energy because fossill fuels are finite whereas sources of energy such as hydrogen are essentially infinate. fossill fuels have so much potential energy that we should reserve them for the applications where they're essential such as aircraft. For electricity, we can use many other sources, for automobilies we can us others, but for air flight, there's not many other alternatives.

I wonder why we're not trying beets as a source of ethanol and depending on corn instead. Corn needs far more land to generate a gallon of fuel than beets do and the use of corn is driving up food prices. Brazil is using beets and their program seems to be working pretty well (although they keep cutting down the rainforests).

Brazil uses mostly sugar cane for ethanol as far as I know. But the reason we're locked into using corn for ethanol production is thanks to the Iowa Corn Caucus. Ethanol should be made from simple sugars like those found in sugar beets and sugar cane, not the complex ones found in corn.

Regardless of the method of production, ethanol is a stopgap measure. What we should be pursuing is fully electric vehicles and beefing up the nation's power grid with nuclear power plants to support the increase in electrical demand. New battery technology is getting to the point that recharge times are comparable to filling up a gas tank (See A123's nanophosphate batteries, 10 minutes to 80% capacity). There are also several companies developing Electric hybrids that use internal combustion engines only to help extend the range of battery power (See the Aptera, 300mpg based on a daily commute of 120 miles, scheduled to go into production late next year).
 
Brazil uses mostly sugar cane for ethanol as far as I know. But the reason we're locked into using corn for ethanol production is thanks to the Iowa Corn Caucus. Ethanol should be made from simple sugars like those found in sugar beets and sugar cane, not the complex ones found in corn.

Regardless of the method of production, ethanol is a stopgap measure. What we should be pursuing is fully electric vehicles and beefing up the nation's power grid with nuclear power plants to support the increase in electrical demand. New battery technology is getting to the point that recharge times are comparable to filling up a gas tank (See A123's nanophosphate batteries, 10 minutes to 80% capacity). There are also several companies developing Electric hybrids that use internal combustion engines only to help extend the range of battery power (See the Aptera, 300mpg based on a daily commute of 120 miles, scheduled to go into production late next year).


The development of cell phones has created the resources for massive investment in battery technology and other sectors of the economy are going to benefit from it. We're in agreement that the nuclear is a good direction to go. I wonder why the new energy bill doesn't reflect these things that we're talking about?
 
Brazil uses mostly sugar cane for ethanol as far as I know. But the reason we're locked into using corn for ethanol production is thanks to the Iowa Corn Caucus. Ethanol should be made from simple sugars like those found in sugar beets and sugar cane, not the complex ones found in corn.

Regardless of the method of production, ethanol is a stopgap measure. What we should be pursuing is fully electric vehicles and beefing up the nation's power grid with nuclear power plants to support the increase in electrical demand. New battery technology is getting to the point that recharge times are comparable to filling up a gas tank (See A123's nanophosphate batteries, 10 minutes to 80% capacity). There are also several companies developing Electric hybrids that use internal combustion engines only to help extend the range of battery power (See the Aptera, 300mpg based on a daily commute of 120 miles, scheduled to go into production late next year).


Bi assed "sources", i dont believe it!:rolleyes:
 
Is the new energy bill just a political document or does it really try to address some of these issues?
 
The development of cell phones has created the resources for massive investment in battery technology and other sectors of the economy are going to benefit from it. We're in agreement that the nuclear is a good direction to go. I wonder why the new energy bill doesn't reflect these things that we're talking about?

Unfortunately nuclear power still suffers the stigma of "Three Mile Island" and Chernobyl despite the fact that many countries have been using nuclear power for their electrical needs for a very long time now with no mishaps at all.

One drawback of nuclear power generation is what to do with the waste products produced. Many remain dangerous for a very, very long time and must be safely stored or otherwise disposed of. Advances in microbiology are looking promising in that respect with bacteria being used to clean uranium waste.
 
One thing never brought up is the amount of U.S. military support the energy companies receive -- particularly those in the oil industry.

Does anyone know or have any data on just how many tax dollars are spent escorting and protecting oil rigs and other drilling operations?

I'd be interested in seeing this info.
 
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