[Sherlock Holmes'] ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge. Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest way who he might be and what he had done. My surprise reached a climax, however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar System. That any civilized human being in this nineteenth century should not be aware that the earth travelled round the sun appeared to be to me such an extraordinary fact that I could hardly realize it.
"You appear to be astonished," he said, smiling at my expression of surprise. "Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it."
"To forget it!"
"You see," he explained, "I consider that a man's brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose. A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best is jumbled up with a lot of other things so that he has a difficulty in laying his hands upon it. Now the skilful workman is very careful indeed as to what he takes into his brain-attic. He will have nothing but the tools which may help him in doing his work, but of these he has a large assortment, and all in the most perfect order. It is a mistake to think that that little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent. Depend upon it there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you knew before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones."
"But the Solar System!" I protested.
"What the deuce is it to me?" he interrupted impatiently; "you say that we go round the sun. If we went round the moon it would not make a pennyworth of difference to me or to my work."
-- "A Study in Scarlet," Arthur Conan Doyle
I do not agree with Doyle's assessment of the limitations of human knowledge and memory and recall, I've spent my whole life learning things for the sake of learning them, but the above does make me think:
Apparently, 1 in 4 Americans are unaware the Earth orbits the Sun. (Well, we know a lot of things about 1 in 4 Americans.) Since no major religion or denomination (some few very minor ones, perhaps) actually teaches the Ptolemaic theory or denies the Copernican any more, and no one is really emotionally invested on the Ptolemaic side culturally that I know of, what accounts for their ignorance of something so often mentioned or implied in the media? Perhaps they're simply indifferent? Of course this is something you have to get right if you're ever to have the most basic grasp of astronomy or cosmology or large areas of physics, but a great many people probably have no interest in acquiring such grasp, or see any use for it in their daily lives, and probably they never will have.
Or, there could simply be a segment of the population -- but 25% seems quite a lot! -- that is just that profoundly unteachable. If the latter, is it possible that nothing can be done about it, ever, in any society?
I wonder what would have been the results if they had asked whether the world is flat or round (oblate-spheroid, whatever).
What's more:
Here’s the thing, though: Americans actually fared better than Europeans who took similar quizzes — at least when it came to the sun and Earth question. Only 66 percent of European Union residents answered that one correctly.